| SQL 语句 | 语法 |
|---|---|
| AND / OR | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE conditionAND|OR condition |
| ALTER TABLE | ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatypeorALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name |
| AS (alias) | SELECT column_name AS column_aliasFROM table_nameorSELECT column_nameFROM table_name AS table_alias |
| BETWEEN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE column_nameBETWEEN value1 AND value2 |
| CREATE DATABASE | CREATE DATABASE database_name |
| CREATE TABLE | CREATE TABLE table_name(column_name1 data_type,column_name2 data_type,column_name2 data_type,...) |
| CREATE INDEX | CREATE INDEX index_nameON table_name (column_name)orCREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_nameON table_name (column_name) |
| CREATE VIEW | CREATE VIEW view_name ASSELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE condition |
| DELETE | DELETE FROM table_nameWHERE some_column=some_valueorDELETE FROM table_name (Note: Deletes the entire table!!)DELETE * FROM table_name (Note: Deletes the entire table!!) |
| DROP DATABASE | DROP DATABASE database_name |
| DROP INDEX | DROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL Server)DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access)DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle)ALTER TABLE table_nameDROP INDEX index_name (MySQL) |
| DROP TABLE | DROP TABLE table_name |
| GROUP BY | SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)FROM table_nameWHERE column_name operator valueGROUP BY column_name |
| HAVING | SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)FROM table_nameWHERE column_name operator valueGROUP BY column_nameHAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value |
| IN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE column_nameIN (value1,value2,..) |
| INSERT INTO | INSERT INTO table_nameVALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)orINSERT INTO table_name(column1, column2, column3,...)VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....) |
| INNER JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name1INNER JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
| LEFT JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name1LEFT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
| RIGHT JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name1RIGHT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
| FULL JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name1FULL JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
| LIKE | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE column_name LIKE pattern |
| ORDER BY | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC] |
| SELECT | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name |
| SELECT * | SELECT *FROM table_name |
| SELECT DISTINCT | SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)FROM table_name |
| SELECT INTO | SELECT *INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]FROM old_table_nameorSELECT column_name(s)INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]FROM old_table_name |
| SELECT TOP | SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)FROM table_name |
| TRUNCATE TABLE | TRUNCATE TABLE table_name |
| UNION | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1UNIONSELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 |
| UNION ALL | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1UNION ALLSELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 |
| UPDATE | UPDATE table_nameSET column1=value, column2=value,...WHERE some_column=some_value |
| WHERE | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE column_name operator value |
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