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GUI中添加图标，能很大程度上提高用户的友好度，显得格外舒适。

MATLAB 官方并没有提供向菜单栏中添加图标的直接方法，基于figure设计的GUI中，可以通过JaveFrame属性间接设置图标。基于uifigure设计的GUI目前还没有间接的方法，相信后续版本会解决这个问题吧。

今天介绍一个在Matlab File Exchange/Github上公开的很实用的工具: setMenuIcon，我们可以很方便的向菜单选项中添加图标了。

文件或仓库网址：

• Matlab File Exchange: setMenuIcon - File Exchange - MATLAB Central (mathworks.com)
• Github: https://github.com/bimac/setMenuIcon

以下为核心源码：

 function setMenuIcon(menuObject,iconFile)
 % SETMENUICON  Add icons to UIMENU items.
 %   SETMENUICON(MENUOBJECT,ICONFILE) sets the icon of MENUOBJECT to
 %   ICONFILE. MENUOBJECT is a menu item created with MATLAB's own UIMENU.
 %   ICONFILE denotes the path to an image file containing the desired icon.
 %   This should work with GIF, JPEG and PNG images.
 
 %   Copyright (C) 2020 Florian Rau
 %
 %   setMenuIcon is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 %   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
 %   Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your
 %   option) any later version.
 %
 %   setMenuIcon is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 %   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 %   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 %   General Public License for more details.
 %
 %   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 %   with setMenuIcon.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 %   REVISION HISTORY
 %   version 1.0.0   initial release
 %   version 1.0.1   corrected description and added acknowledgements
 %   version 1.0.2   minor clean-up of the code
 %   version 1.0.3   added example
 %   version 1.0.4   added check for App Designer figures
 %   version 1.0.5   minor clean-up
 
 % validate inputs
 validateattributes(menuObject,{'matlab.ui.container.Menu'},{'scalar'})
 validateattributes(iconFile,{'char'},{'row'})
 if ~exist(iconFile,'file')
     error('File not found: %s',iconFile)
 end
 
 % build stack of Menu objects
 menuStack = menuObject;
 while isa(menuStack(1).Parent,'matlab.ui.container.Menu')
     menuStack = [menuStack(1).Parent menuStack]; %#ok<AGROW>
 end
 
 % check for App Designer figure
 hFigure = menuStack(1).Parent;
 if isempty(get(hFigure,'JavaFrame_I'))
     error('Sorry, setMenuItem does not work with App Designer figures.')
 end
 
 % obtain jFrame (temporarily disabling the respective warning)
 warnID  = 'MATLAB:ui:javaframe:PropertyToBeRemoved';
 tmp     = warning('query',warnID);
 warning('off',warnID)
 jFrame  = get(hFigure,'JavaFrame');
 warning(tmp.state,warnID)
 
 % get jMenuBar
 tmp      = fieldnames(jFrame);
 tmp      = tmp(cellfun(@any,regexp(tmp,'^f(?:HG\d|Figure)Client#39;)));
 jMenuBar = jFrame.(tmp{1}).getMenuBar;
 
 % obtain jMenuItem
 positions = [menuStack.Position];
 while jMenuBar.getMenuCount < positions(1)
     pause(0.05)
 end
 jMenuItem = jMenuBar.getMenu(positions(1)-1);
 for ii = 2:numel(menuStack)
     if jMenuItem.getMenuComponentCount < positions(ii)
         jMenuItem.doClick;
         pause(0.05)
         javax.swing.MenuSelectionManager.defaultManager.clearSelectedPath;
     end
     tmp       = jMenuItem.getMenuComponents;
     tmp       = tmp(arrayfun(@(x) contains(class(x),'JMenu'),tmp));
     jMenuItem = tmp(positions(ii));
 end
 
 % add icon to jMenuItem
 jMenuItem.setIcon(javax.swing.ImageIcon(iconFile));
 

示例代码：

 % Copyright (C) 2020 Florian Rau
 %
 % This file is part of setMenuIcon.
 % 
 % setMenuIcon is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 % under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
 % Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your
 % option) any later version.
 % 
 % setMenuIcon is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 % WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General
 % Public License for more details.
 % 
 % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 % with setMenuIcon.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 
 %% Step 1: create figure, menus and menu-items
 
 hFigure = figure( ...                           % create figure
     'Menu',         'none', ...
     'NumberTitle',  'off', ...
     'DockControls', 'off', ...
     'Name',         'Demo');
 
 hMenu(1) = uimenu(hFigure,'Text','Menu');       % add menu to figure
 hItem(1) = uimenu(hMenu(1),'Text','Item');      % add item to menu
 
 hMenu(2) = uimenu(hMenu(1),'Text','Submenu');   % add submenu to menu
 hItem(2) = uimenu(hMenu(2),'Text','Boo!');      % add item to submenu
 
 
 %% Step 2: set icons for menus & menu-items
 
 setMenuIcon(hMenu(1),'example1.png')
 setMenuIcon(hItem(1),'example2.png')
 setMenuIcon(hMenu(2),'example3.png')
 setMenuIcon(hItem(2),'example4.png')
 

效果如下：

今天的分享就到这里了，感兴趣的朋友们可以去clone这个仓库，具体玩一玩。

最后祝大家，生活愉快！